柴油機(jī)由于具有經(jīng)濟(jì)性和動力性好、熱效率高、油噴射電子控制技術(shù)在國際上應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。耐久性優(yōu)良和 CO₂排放量低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，使之作為主要動柴油機(jī)噴油系統(tǒng)電控技術(shù)發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了 3個階段：力裝置，廣泛用于鐵路機(jī)車、船舶主機(jī)和輔機(jī)以及工時間控制階段、壓力控制階段和壓力-時間綜合控制程機(jī)械等多個機(jī)械工程領(lǐng)域，但其發(fā)展受到了 NO_X階段，目前正處于第三階段的發(fā)展和成熟期。

一個理和顆粒排放高、振動噪聲大等排放和環(huán)保因素的挑想的燃油噴射系統(tǒng)應(yīng)具有以下性能：較高的、靈活戰(zhàn)。因此，目前船舶柴油機(jī)的研究開發(fā)工作重點(diǎn)是針可調(diào)的平均有效噴射壓力 pjin（100MPa以上）；低的初對提高發(fā)動機(jī)的可靠性、降低燃油和潤滑油的消耗量期噴油速率或預(yù)噴射功能；靈活的噴油定時控制；快以及提高排放控制的靈活性，其中廢氣排放作為一速停油功能；完善的柴油機(jī)電控功能；與整機(jī)匹配靈個重要指標(biāo)越來越受到重視。MTU柴油機(jī)維修|MTU柴油機(jī)燃油噴射系統(tǒng)維修技術(shù)|MTU柴油機(jī)的新型燃油噴射系統(tǒng)資料|MTU柴油機(jī)的新型燃油噴射系統(tǒng)維修服務(wù)商降低柴油機(jī)排放等環(huán)活。因?yàn)楦叩钠骄行娚鋲毫τ谕瑫r降低 NOX保指標(biāo)的主要對策是改善燃燒，降低最高燃燒溫和顆粒排放十分有效；靈活可調(diào)的噴射壓力噴度。而改善燃燒的關(guān)鍵因素是提高燃油噴射質(zhì)量，油規(guī)律可控及噴油定時的靈活控制可使燃油噴射過而燃油噴射質(zhì)量是由燃油噴射系統(tǒng)所控制。因此，燃程在所有工況范圍內(nèi)滿足燃燒的需要。因此，實(shí)現(xiàn)以上柔性控制是燃油噴射系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。德國 MTU發(fā)動機(jī)公司研制的新型燃油噴射系統(tǒng)，已用于其最新開發(fā)的 2000、4000、8000系列柴油機(jī)。

這 3種系列柴油機(jī)是從 1996年起，由德國 MTU發(fā)動機(jī)公司和美國 DDC（底特律柴油機(jī)）公司先后聯(lián)合設(shè)計開發(fā)的，目前大量用于大型船舶的主動力裝置。其設(shè)計思想是最大限度地提高可靠性、維修方便性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。對于燃油噴射系統(tǒng)，2000系列上應(yīng)用的是由電磁閥控制的單泵燃油電子噴射系統(tǒng)， 4000系列采用的是 2000系列基礎(chǔ)上開發(fā)的共軌式電子噴射系統(tǒng)，而 8000系列所用的共軌式電子噴射系統(tǒng)又是在 4000系列基礎(chǔ)上改進(jìn)的。這種新型燃油電子噴射系統(tǒng)，將噴油量和噴油時間的控制融為一體，使燃油的升壓機(jī)構(gòu)獨(dú)立，即燃油壓力與柴油機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速、負(fù)荷無關(guān)，把控制燃油噴射壓力、噴油量、噴油時間等參數(shù)直接由裝在各個氣缸上噴油器的高速開關(guān)電磁閥來控制，可使柴油機(jī)在全負(fù)荷范圍內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)噴油規(guī)律、噴油壓力等的最優(yōu)控制，改善了柴油機(jī)在各種工況下的燃燒，提高了柴油機(jī)的整體性能。

MTU diesel engines new fuel injection system
1 Overview
The oil injection system is the key factor of the diesel combustion process, diesel economy and power, as well as lower emissions and other indicators burning
Diesel economy and power, high thermal efficiency, oil injection electronic control technology came into being in the international arena. Excellent durability and CO2 emissions are low, as the main drivers of diesel fuel injection system electronic control technology development has gone through three stages: the power plant, widely used in railway locomotives, marine main engine and auxiliary equipment as well as work time control stage, pressure control more than one field of mechanical engineering stage and the pressure - time control of process machinery, but by the NOX stage in its development, is currently in Phase III development and maturity. A reasonable and high particulate emissions, noise and vibration emissions and environmental factors to pick think fuel injection system should have the following performance: high, flexible war. Therefore, the current marine diesel engine research and development focus is pin adjustable average effective injection pressure pjin (100MPa or more); low early on to increase engine reliability and reduce the injection rate of consumption of fuel and lubricants, or pre-injection function; flexible injection timing control; faster and increase the flexibility of emission control, emission stop the oil functions as a speed; improve the diesel engine electronic control functions; match with the whole spirit an important indicator of an increasing attention. Reduce diesel emissions and other ring live. High average effective injection pressure while reducing the NOX security indicators countermeasures to improve combustion and reduce the maximum combustion temperature and particulate emissions is very effective; adjustable spray pressure spray degrees. A key factor to improve the combustion is to improve the quality of fuel injection, oil law controlled and injection timing flexible control allows the fuel injection and the quality of fuel injection is controlled by the fuel injection system. Therefore, the combustion process in all the range of operating conditions to meet the needs of the burning. Therefore, to achieve more flexible control is the inevitable trend of development of the fuel injection system. German MTU engine developed new fuel injection system has been used in the latest development of the 2000,4000,8000 series diesel engines.
These three series diesel engine from 1996, by German MTU engine DDC (Detroit Diesel) and the U.S. company has joint design and development, currently used extensively for large vessels of the power plant. The idea is to maximize the reliability, easy maintenance and economy. Fuel injection system, the applications on the 2000 series is a single pump controlled by a solenoid valve fuel electronic injection system, 4000 series 2000 series developed on the basis of common-rail electronic injection system, while the 8000 Series Common Rail electronic The injection system is improved in the 4000 series based on. This new type of fuel electronic injection system, fuel injection quantity and injection timing control integration, so that the fuel boost body independent of the fuel pressure and the engine speed, load independent, to control fuel injection pressure, injection volume, injection timing and other parameters directly installed in the injector in each cylinder Solenoid Valve control, allows fuel injection diesel engine at full load within the law, injection pressure, optimal control and improved diesel engines in various the burning of the kinds of conditions, to improve the overall performance of diesel engines.
2 MTU diesel engine fuel injection system features